Ensemble rainfall forecasting with numerical weather prediction and radar‐based nowcasting models     

Shan He  Srivatsan V. Raghavan  Ngoc Son Nguyen  Shie‐Yui Liong 《水文研究》2013,27(11):1560-1571

The overall objective of this study is to improve the forecasting accuracy of the precipitation in the Singapore region by means of both rainfall forecasting and nowcasting. Numerical Weather Predication (NWP) and radar‐based rainfall nowcasting are two important sources for quantitative precipitation forecast. In this paper, an attempt to combine rainfall prediction from a high‐resolution mesoscale weather model and a radar‐based rainfall model was performed. Two rainfall forecasting methods were selected and examined: (i) the weather research and forecasting model (WRF); and (ii) a translation model (TM). The WRF model, at a high spatial resolution, was run over the domain of interest using the Global Forecast System data as initializing fields. Some heavy rainfall events were selected from data record and used to test the forecast capability of WRF and TM. Results obtained from TM and WRF were then combined together to form an ensemble rainfall forecasting model, by assigning weights of 0.7 and 0.3 weights to TM and WRF, respectively. This paper presented results from WRF and TM, and the resulting ensemble rainfall forecasting; comparisons with station data were conducted as well. It was shown that results from WRF are very useful as advisory of anticipated heavy rainfall events, whereas those from TM, which used information of rain cells already appearing on the radar screen, were more accurate for rainfall nowcasting as expected. The ensemble rainfall forecasting compares reasonably well with the station observation data. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

GIS专业"空间数据库"课程教学内容研究与实践     

闫金凤 《测绘工程》2010,19(6):75-78

随着空间数据库技术的飞速发展,其在众多学科领域的重要性日益突出。地理信息系统专业迫切需要进行＂空间数据＂库课程体系、教学内容和实验内容等方面的教学改革。结合教学实际需求,总结多年的教学经验,将理论与实践相结合进行＂空间数据库＂课程教学内容研究,并简述具体的实施过程。  相似文献   

青海省主体功能区规划研究     

孙厚科  杨鸿海  王苑 《地理空间信息》2010,8(4):32-34

主体功能区规划是优化国土开发格局,推动区域协调发展的一项重大战略决策。根据《国务院关于编制主体功能区规划的意见》和国家《省级主体功能区划分技术规程》的总体要求,利用遥感、地理信息系统等空间分析技术和手段,以及专家咨询等方法,对全省的国土空间进行综合分析评价,提出主体功能区试划方案,进而为编制全省主体功能区规划奠定科学基础。  相似文献   

Performing a new regional geography     

Gordon Winder  Nick Lewis 《New Zealand geographer》2010,66(2):97-104

In this introduction to the Special Issue ‘Practising a New Regional Geography in Northland’, we call for a new regional geography. We use the experience of a field course to reflect upon the opportunities and challenges associated with doing ‘regional geography’ in the regions, a subdiscipline that has in recent decades been pushed into the backwaters of the discipline. We reinterpret the maxim ‘geography is what geographers do’ in a new way that emphasises pedagogy and research practice. The case of Northland and helping our students to learn experientially about community and environment under the rubric of sustainability allows us to argue the case for a reinterpretation of regional geography in these terms. We position the contributions in this Special Issue in terms of our call.  相似文献   

地理学本科生科研训练体系的构建与实践   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

葛岳静  王静爱  杨胜天  朱良  刘宝元 《地理科学进展》2010,29(5)

大学本科阶段是创新性人才培养的关键时期。北京师范大学地理学基地一直在努力探索本科生早期科研训练的机制、模式与途径,以研究性教学和教学科研互动的新理念,依托基地所拥有的国家、教育部和北京市重点实验室、国家一级重点学科、国家级科学研究和教学研究项目等丰富的科研资源和院士、长江学者、杰出青年基金获得者、教学名师等高水平的首席导师+教学团队师资,建立并完善本科生科研立项制度,构建多学科平台、多元模式、多阶段的阶段-学科-能力三维体系的因材施教的科研训练体系。  相似文献   

基于稀少控制点的SPOT5卫星立体条带影像的生产应用研究     

郑福海  王铁军  袁晓宏 《测绘软科学研究》2010,(1):84-87

随着相关技术的发展，高分辨率卫星遥感影像在测绘产品生产中的应用越来越广泛和深入。本文主要通过西部无图区测图的应用实践，讨论利用有理多项式方法、基于稀少控制点纠正的SPOT5HRS立体条带影像的测图生产情况，并对DLG、DEM等产品进行精度检测；同时与传统的航摄方法进行对比，分析其生产效率等情况。  相似文献   

Application of participatory principles to investigation of the natural world: An example from Chile     

Sarah Schumann 《Marine Policy》2010

Participatory research in environmental and natural resources-related fields is premised on many of the same notions that underlie participatory processes in decision making. This study examines one instance of participatory research to assess the extent to which the documented benefits of participatory decision-making hold up in the context of research. A survey of Chilean shell-fishers engaged in research with marine biologists assesses the relationships between four variables: fishers’ participation in research, fishers’ opinions of biologists, fishers’ trust in biologists, and fishers’ acquisition of knowledge from biologists. Results illuminate the multidimensionality of these variables and suggest that complex interrelationships between them make the benefits of participatory research more nuanced than those reported for participatory decision-making. For instance, participatory research may provide low benefits when participatory research outcomes differ little from those produced solely by scientists. In addition, high-cost scenarios may result when outcomes of participatory research are inferior to those produced solely by scientists. A third downside may result when participation leads participants to increase their deference to scientific knowledge, thereby defeating the corroborative purpose of their participation. A fourth effect may occur when increased trust by in scientists results from participation, decreasing participants’ perceived need to take part in research.  相似文献   

Seagrass ecophysiology meets ecological genomics: are we ready?     

Gabriele Procaccini  Sven Beer  Mats Björk  Jeanine Olsen  Silvia Mazzuca  Rui Santos 《Marine Ecology》2012,33(4):522-527

In March 2011, the Ecophysiology and Genetics Working Groups of the European Science Foundation COST Action ES 0906, entitled Seagrass Productivity: From Genes to Ecosystem Management, organized an exploratory workshop entitled “Linking Ecophysiology and Ecogenomics in Seagrass Systems”. The goal of the workshop was to discuss how to integrate comparative gene expression studies with physiological processes such as photosynthetic performance, carbon and nitrogen utilization and environmental adaptation. The main questions discussed for integrative research related to mechanisms of carbon utilization, light requirements, temperature effects and natural variation in pH and ocean acidification. It was concluded that the seagrass research community is still in the nascent stages of linking ecophysiology with genomic responses, as carbon and nitrogen metabolism of seagrasses have not been sufficiently well studied. Likewise, genomic approaches have only been able to assign meaningful interpretations to a handful of differentially expressed genes. Nevertheless, the way forward has been established.  相似文献   

深冷环境下海水冷冻淡化性能试验研究     

孙靖  谢春刚  吕庆春  冯厚军 《海洋技术学报》2012,31(2):10-13,26

提出利用液态天然气(LNG)冷能实现海水冷冻淡化,针对LNG的储运工艺,开展海水在超低温环境下的过冷度、结晶、脱盐等机理研究。试验测试了海水在电导率为20～40 mS/cm、冷冻温度为-30～-80℃冷冻条件下,制冰率、制冰速率、脱盐率等性能指标,并分析了影响各性能指标的因素,得出了超低温工况下系统最优过程参数。该研究结果为基于LNG冷能实现海水冷冻淡化的工程设计提供了必要的技术基础和设计依据。  相似文献   

国内旅游目的地研究综述   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

马勇  张祥胜 《世界地理研究》2008,17(1):144-153

旅游目的地的研究在国外起步较早．该领域的研究已具有一定的深度和广度．近年来旅游目的地研究在国内也受到了重视,有诸多学者围绕旅游目的地发展进行了各类研究。由于旅游目的地内涵丰富、外延较广,国内外对于旅游目的地研究所涉及面较繁杂。本文基于对近10年发表在国内比较具有代表性的旅游刊物上的相关文献分析和整理．对国内旅游目的地研究进程进行了回顾,重点分析了近年来的研究情况。文章主体部分对旅游目的地研究脉络和研究方法进行了一定的梳理和总结,得出国内主要从地理学、市场学、管理学、消费者行为学、人类学等方面对旅游目的地进行研究。本文以期能够为旅游目的地深入研究提供一定的参考,为旅游目的地的发展提供一定的启示.  相似文献